Tushe: Mujallar Jirgin Ruwa ta China Ocean Shipping, Maris 6, 2023.
Duk da raguwar buƙata da raguwar farashin jigilar kaya, har yanzu ana ci gaba da gudanar da harkokin hayar jiragen ruwa na kwantena a kasuwar hayar jiragen ruwa, wanda ya kai matsayi mai girma a tarihi dangane da yawan oda.
Kudin hayar jirgin ruwa na yanzu ya yi ƙasa da na kololuwar da yake da shi. A lokacin da yake kan gaba, hayar jirgin ruwa na tsawon watanni uku na ƙaramin jirgin ruwa na iya kashe har zuwa $200,000 a kowace rana, yayin da hayar jirgin ruwa na matsakaicin girma zai iya kaiwa $60,000 a kowace rana tsawon shekaru biyar. Duk da haka, waɗannan kwanaki sun shuɗe kuma da wuya su dawo.
George Youroukos, babban jami'in gudanarwa na Global Ship Lease (GSL), ya bayyana kwanan nan cewa "buƙatar hayar ba ta ɓace ba, matuƙar buƙata ta ci gaba, kasuwancin hayar jiragen ruwa zai ci gaba."
Moritz Furhmann, Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa na MPC Containers, ya yi imanin cewa "kudaden haya sun kasance daidai fiye da matsakaicin tarihi."
A ranar Juma'ar da ta gabata, Harpex Index, wacce ke auna farashin hayar jiragen ruwa daban-daban, ta faɗi da kashi 77% daga kololuwar tarihi a watan Maris na 2022 zuwa maki 1059. Duk da haka, ƙimar raguwar wannan shekarar ta ragu, kuma ma'aunin ya daidaita a cikin 'yan makonnin nan, har yanzu ya ninka ƙimar da ta gabata kafin annobar 2019 a watan Fabrairu.
A cewar rahotannin da Alphaliner ta fitar kwanan nan, bayan kammala sabuwar shekarar China, bukatar hayar jiragen ruwa na kwantena ya karu, kuma karfin haya da ake da shi a mafi yawan kasuwannin jiragen ruwa da aka raba ya ci gaba da raguwa, wanda hakan ke nuna cewa farashin hayar zai karu a cikin makonni masu zuwa.
Jiragen ruwa na kwantena masu matsakaici da ƙanana sun fi shahara.
Wannan kuwa saboda, a lokacin da kasuwa ta fi kyau, kusan dukkan manyan jiragen ruwa sun rattaba hannu kan kwangilolin hayar jiragen ruwa na shekaru da yawa waɗanda ba su ƙare ba tukuna. Bugu da ƙari, wasu manyan jiragen ruwa da ake sa ran sabunta su a wannan shekarar sun riga sun tsawaita hayar jiragensu a bara.
Wani babban sauyi kuma shi ne cewa an rage wa'adin hayar sosai. Tun daga watan Oktoban bara, GSL ta yi hayar jiragen ruwanta guda huɗu na tsawon matsakaicin watanni goma.
A cewar dillalin jiragen ruwa Braemar, a wannan watan, MSC ta yi hayar jirgin ruwan TEU Hansa Europe mai lamba 3469 na tsawon watanni 2-4 akan farashin $17,400 a kowace rana, sannan jirgin ruwan TEU Atlantic West mai lamba 1355 na tsawon watanni 5-7 akan farashin $13,000 a kowace rana. Hapag-Lloyd ta yi hayar jirgin ruwan Maira mai lamba 2506 na tsawon watanni 4-7 akan farashin $17,750 a kowace rana. CMA CGM kwanan nan ta yi hayar jiragen ruwa guda hudu: jirgin ruwan TEU Hope Island mai lamba 3434 na tsawon watanni 8-10 akan farashin $17,250 a kowace rana; jirgin ruwan TEU Atlantic Discoverer mai lamba 2754 na tsawon watanni 10-12 akan farashin $17,000 a kowace rana; jirgin ruwan TEU Sheng An mai lamba 17891 na tsawon watanni 6-8 akan farashin $14,500 a kowace rana; da kuma jirgin ruwan 1355 TEU Atlantic West na tsawon watanni 5-7 akan farashin dala $13,000 a kowace rana.
Hadarin da ke tattare da karuwar kamfanonin haya
Yawan oda da ya karya rikodin ya zama abin damuwa ga kamfanonin hayar jiragen ruwa. Duk da cewa an yi hayar yawancin jiragen ruwan waɗannan kamfanonin a wannan shekarar, me zai faru bayan haka?
Yayin da kamfanonin jigilar kaya ke karɓar sabbin jiragen ruwa masu amfani da mai daga tashoshin jiragen ruwa, ba za su iya sabunta hayar jiragen ruwa na da ba idan sun ƙare. Idan masu haya ba za su iya samun sabbin masu haya ba ko kuma ba za su iya samun riba daga haya ba, za su fuskanci lokacin rashin aiki na jiragen ruwa ko kuma daga ƙarshe za su iya zaɓar su soke su.
MPC da GSL sun jaddada cewa yawan oda da kuma tasirin da zai iya yi wa masu haya jiragen ruwa yana sanya matsin lamba ne kawai ga manyan nau'ikan jiragen ruwa. Shugaban Kamfanin MPC Constantin Baack ya ce mafi yawan oda na manyan jiragen ruwa ne, kuma mafi girman nau'in jirgin, mafi girman oda.
Baack ya kuma lura cewa sabbin umarni sun fi son jiragen ruwa masu amfani da man fetur biyu waɗanda za su iya amfani da LNG ko methanol, waɗanda suka dace da manyan jiragen ruwa. Ga ƙananan jiragen ruwa da ke aiki a harkokin kasuwanci na yanki, babu isasshen kayayyakin more rayuwa na man fetur na LNG da methanol.
Rahoton Alphaliner na baya-bayan nan ya bayyana cewa kashi 92% na sabbin gine-ginen kwantena da aka yi odar su a wannan shekarar jiragen ruwa ne da ke da man fetur na LNG ko methanol, wanda ya karu daga kashi 86% a bara.
Lister na GSL ya nuna cewa karfin jigilar kwantena a kan oda yana wakiltar kashi 29% na karfin da ake da shi a yanzu, amma ga jiragen ruwa sama da TEU 10,000, wannan kaso shine kashi 52%, yayin da ga kananan jiragen ruwa, kashi 14% ne kawai. Ana sa ran cewa yawan kwashe jiragen zai karu a wannan shekarar, wanda hakan zai haifar da karancin karuwar karfin da ake da shi.
Lokacin Saƙo: Maris-24-2023